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Art and
Crafts of Orissa |
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Art : |
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Orissa
has a rich tradition of paintings like her architecture and sculpture .Orisan school of
paintings has three streams, the tribal, the folk and the classical.
Both the folk and classical paintings are traditionally linked with Jagannath. In
Jagannath temple we find very fine speciman of early mural paintings. Two important of
them are paintings of Kanchi Vijaya on the Jagamohan of Jagannath temple and
painting of Buddha Vijaya on the Jagamohan of Laxmi temple. |
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Pata paintings
or Patachitra is a vary old form of art in Orissa. These paintings flourished in
Orissa in early 15th and 16th centuries and later because of
Jagannath. The cult of Jagannath used pata paintings to spread the faith throughout
Orissa and also outside.Because of the patronage by the temple of Jagannath, the
Chitrakaras (the painters) painted Jagannath patas
in large number and slowly these patas
outnumbered other thematic ones in Orissa. Besides Jagannath, themes of Ramayana and
Bhagabata are also popular theme for the chitrakaras.
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Jagannath Jatripatas or pilgrim paintings have been evolved from the temple of Jagannath. The pilgrims
who visit the temple of Puri buy these patas and carry their home as
souvenirs. Keeping in view of their increasing demand, these paintings are done in large
numbers in small as well as in large formats and their prices vary from few rupees to
thousand rupees. The basic theme of these paintings is Jagannath, Balabhadra and Subhadra
inside the temple.
The
basic colour of these pata paintings are
Vermillion (Hingula), Yellow (Haritala), White (Shankha), Black (Kajal or kala), Indian
Red (Geru). Blue is a latter addition to this colour scheme.
Palm leaf paintings are equally popular form of art in Orissa evolved
in later part of 17th centiry. Ramalila and Krushnalila are the most popular
theme for these paintings
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Carfts:
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The world of
crafts in Orissa is wide, fascinating and
full of wonders. The deft hands of Orissas craftsmen shape and mould inanimate
materials of stone, wood, metal and clothes with consummate skills and breathe life and
beauty into them. No
wonder Orissan handicrafts have attracted and captivated people from all over the world for
centuries. The heritage of Orissa handicrafts embodies the soul of Orissas culture which has always given a high place to art and craft eversince its recorded history and
before. |
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Stone carvings is one of the major crafts in Orissa. As evident from innumerable archeological
monuments and sculptures, we find that art of carving in stone has reached dizzy heights
of excellence perfected through centuries in Orissa. The Orissan artisans use a variety of
materials like ultra soft white soap stone( Khadipathara), a harder greenish
chlorite (Kochilapathara),Still harder pinkish handolite (Baulapathara) and hardest of all
black granite (Mugunipathara) for carvings. They
use a simple process of drawing the figure on
the stone and
bring the final shape by removing the unwanted portions. For the hard stone it is done
by chiseling while for the
soft stone scrapping process is used.
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For motifs, figures of Gods and Goddesss and most popular while Konark wheel, miniatures temples, Alasakanyas or (indolent
damsels), horse, elephants, Mythological figures like Gajasimhas, Gajabidalsa are also common forms that are usually carves out in stone. The stone carvings is mostly practiced in Puri, Cuttack and Mayurbhanj districts. Since pilgrim town Puri provides the best outlets for the sale of crafts,
most of the towns and villages close by have the largest concentration of
handicraft artisans Raghurajpur.
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